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I would recommend using this free serif font as a header font because those thin strokes will not really scale down to a body font. Created by the talented team at the Indian Type Foundry in , Poppins is a spectacular free sans serif font. You can immediately see the geometric influences in each stroke and letter of this typeface.
Honestly, I really like those small embellishments that each letter has. These small imperfections help Poppins stand out from some of the other free geometric fonts that you can find online.
Out of all the serif fonts that we have looked at on this list, Prata might have some of the most interesting ones. On some letters they are very geometric, others extremely flowy and even a few look like teardrops. The stroke variation that you see on each letter makes this serif font really interesting to look at and will stand out on any graphic.
I would recommend using this free font as a header font on a formal invitation, the cover of an annual report or even on a finance infographic. Pair it with Roboto or Montserrat as the body font and you can create a professional looking graphic in no time. Proza Libre is the open source version of the font Proza, which I should have realized. A lot of the fonts that include Libre in their title are free versions of a popular commercial font.
Some have also been updated or optimized to work better on screens. Proza Libre is one of those fonts that is built from the ground up to look great on a digital graphic or computer screen.
Like Merriweather, it also uses a diagonal stress on each of the letters. Proza Libre shares a lot of characteristics with other serif fonts, but without any serifs on the letters. I believe that this makes the free sans serif font feel both classic and modern at the exact same time. When you look at Quicksand, the rounded edges of each stroke is probably the first thing that you see. Not many fonts use this approach, especially other sans serif fonts.
Most of those fonts have very sharp corners which make the fonts look more professional. In my opinion, Quicksand shares a lot of qualities with Oxygen or Poppins but its rounded corners make it stand out immediately. The thin strokes combined with the rounded corners help this font look like it could have been handwritten with a thin marker as well. You can use this free sans serif font to make your graphic look a little more casual or fun.
It will help put the reader at ease from the beginning. Like with Oxygen, I have used Raleway on thousands of graphics throughout my career as a marketer. In fact, it might be one of my favorite digital fonts. Each letter of this free sans serif font feels wholly unique from really any other font on this list.
I think I like it so much because even though each stroke is pretty thin, it still takes up a lot of space. You can use it as a strong header without distracting from the rest of the graphic. The designers created this sans serif font to be used as mainly a header or display font, and I would have to agree. Out of all the other fonts on this list, you probably have seen Roboto the most without really realizing it.
Roboto also scales down very well so it can be used as a header font or a body font on screens and physical graphics.
And finally, it combines geometric and classic influences to make the font feel professional and approachable at the same time. I would recommend using this font basically everywhere. It can even be used as an effective brand font because of the many different font weights. As you probably could tell, Roboto Slab is a slab serif font, which means the serifs on each letter are thick or blocky.
This is in direct contrast to serif fonts that feature more stylized and flowy serifs on each letter. Additionally, Roboto Slab shares a lot of characteristics with its sans serif brother, Roboto. You can use both of these fonts on the same graphic and the addition of the slab serifs will make sure there is enough contrast between the two fonts.
Rubik is a free sans serif font that features slightly rounded corners on each letter. Although these rounded corners are a lot more subtle than Quicksand, they still make the font feel very casual and fun. I would recommend using this font as a simple header font with a thinner body font like Montserrat or Open Sans. Source Sans Pro was created by Adobe and was one of their first open source fonts to hit the market. The designers of this sans serif font took the time to make sure this font is legible both in short headers and longer body text.
They also added some embellishments to make sure you can tell the difference between similar letters, even on small screens. Source Sans Pro was built to be used in user interfaces, which is probably why it works so well on computer screens and digital graphics.
I would recommend pairing it with a strong header font like Lora or Roboto if you want to use Source Sans Pro as the header font. Verdana is another font that I thought was called something else, until a nice designer corrected me. I really should get better at reading things the first time.
Now technically Verdana is not a true free font but you can use it for free on Venngage just by signing up! I think that makes Verdana feel like it came from a sci-fi movie. This sans serif font was created to make it easy for people to read small text on a computer screen. But a lot of experts think that because of its many embellishments, Verdana is best when used as a large header font.
Work Sans is a pretty playful font and it can be used as a header as a body font. The thinner weights work best for body fonts, and as you can see above some of the bolder weights make a great header.
As you increase the weight of Work Sans, the playfulness of the font becomes even more apparent as well! Hopefully you were able to find the perfect display font, serif font, sans-serif fonts or handwritten fonts. Now if you need some help using those fonts check out our article on brand fonts :. Or if you want to choose the right fonts , we have a guide for that as well:.
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The two rear sides meet as two rough edges which split as they descend, one becoming the lateral condylar line and the other the medial condylar line. When you are standing and your leg is out, gravity more than by muscular action will bring it down. However, if you are lying down or sitting with you legs open, bringing them Adductor together requires work of these muscles.
The adductors also Minimus M. This three part muscle arises in a continuous line on the Adductor inferior ramus of the pubis and the ischial ramus. The fibers Magnus M. This part is some- times referred to as the adductor minimus. The fibers that arise from the ischial ramus insert along the medial side of the linea aspera, on the posterior side of the shaft of the femur.
It travels obliquely out and down, gradually broadening to insert along a line just below the lesser trochanter, not far from where linea aspera begins. Its place of insertion is just lateral to where the upper part of the magnus muscle inserts. Adductor Brevis M. Adductor Longus M.
This muscle is also an adductor working with the three muscles mentioned above. It also helps to flex the thigh. It arises from the pubis and courses laterally and a bit downwards to insert on the back Pectineus M.
It arises from the pubis, along the lower border of the pubic ramus and the ischial ramis. Its fibers course downward to end in a round tendon which first descends over the medial condyle of the femur and then passes behind and around the medial condyle of the tibia. The insertion appears as fibers spread out over the surface of the tibia just below the medial condyle.
Gracilis M. They are three quarters of the group of muscles called the quadraceps There is a fourth Vastus Intermedius M. However I will Tendon describe the actions of this muscle group as a whole.
They act together to straighten the leg by extending the knee. The rectus portion of this group assists in bending the thigh. Its fibers insert into an aponeurosis-like tendon which covers about half of the lower shaft of the femur. The fibers insert into the lateral border of the patella and others on the lateral condyle of the tibia. They then curl around while descending with the most of the upper fibers inserting into the tendinous aponeurosis I wrote of above— the tendon associated with the vastus intermedius.
The lower fibers insert along the medial border of the patella. The later- alis muscle fibers arise just beneath the greater trochanter and half way along the lateral side of the linea aspera and curl around in almost a mirror image of the medialis.
The upper fibers insert into the aponeurosis of the vastus inter- medius and the lower ones become tendinous fibers that insert along the lateral border of the patella. These fibers become the tendon which covers the patella and contribute to the fascia which forms the capsule of the knee joint. Some fibers continue descending to attach to the lateral condyle of the tibia. It originates at the anterior inferior iliac spine.
Behind it is a smaller and flatter tendon which begins at a point just above the acetabulum and the capsule of the hip joint. The mus- cle ends as a flat tendon which inserts at the superior edge of Rectus Femoris M.
When you look at the previous illustration of the lateralis and medialis, you can see where the rectus femoris neatly fits on top of those muscles and their tendon, the lat- eralis and the medialis on on either side of the rectus femoris. It also assists in the motion needed to cross one leg over the other and helps us climb stairs. It plays a very small part in walking.
This tendon has fibers that join the capsule of the knee joint. Further down it becomes a broad aponeurosis which attaches to the upper, medial side of the tibia, just in front of the attachments of the semitendi- nosus and gracilis muscles. The sartorius muscle is the longest single in the body. It looks like a strap in its shape and functions to hold all the muscles beneath it in place.
As well as having fibers that arise along Tensor Fasciae Latae the iliac crest, it arises from just beneath the origin of the sartorius muscle. It inserts into a large band of tendon called the iliotibial tract or the facsiae latae. The iliotibial tract, or fasciae latae, travels from its origin on the iliac crest to its insertion on the lateral condyle of the tibia. The muscle works in conjunction with the fasciae latae.
The word tendon has the same origin. Acting as knee flexors, they assist in moving the upper leg backward extension of the thigh. With their insertions on either side of the knee these muscles work together to rotate the knee, to maintain a stance with the knees slightly bent, to limit just how far one can bend over when trying to touch the toes without bending the knees, and by straighten- ing out the lower curvature of the spine to curve the pelvis forward when sitting.
Biceps Femoris M. A long round head arises from the ischial tuberosity as a tendon which is shared with the semitendinous muscle. A short head arises from the outside edged of the linea aspera, about one third of the way down the posterior shaft of the femur. The fibers of the short head feed into those of the long head, which descends and ends in an aponeurosis and tendon.
The ten- don passes over the lateral condyle of the femur, crosses the joint to insert on the head of the fibula. It becomes a round tendon around the middle of the thigh and descends to curl behind the medial condyle of the femur and to insert on the upper shaft of the tibia.
The muscle ends as a rounded tendon which crosses the knee joint, then separates into five different attachments. The main insertion is on the posterior portion of the medial condyle of the tibia. Semimembranosus M. However there are enormous differences in their functions. The hand is a tool with many capacities. The foot is used only for standing and locomotion. The posterior group has two layers, the deep and superficial muscles of the calf. I shall discuss the tarsals, metatarsals and phalanges in the section on the foot.
The tibia is what we call the shin bone. Its shape in cross section is triangular, with the posterior side Fibula being the base of the triangle. The shin bone is unprotected by muscle, which is why a kick in the shins is so painful. Tibia The fibula is the smaller bone and it is the lateral or outside bone of the two. Its distal end, called the lateral malleolus, forms the ankle bone.
The lower leg cannot rotate like the lower arm. The side to Calcaneus Medial Malleolus side movement of the foot and the rotation in the lower leg Lateral are much more constrained than in the arm.
The major Malleolus Tarsals movement is all in a line, comparatively speaking. The func- Metatarsals tion of the legs has to do with standing, stabilizing the body, and enabling locomotion.
As in the hand there are retinaculae, tissues which serve as braces to hold the tendons in place as they curve from leg to foot. Some of these muscles facilitate toe movement, others contribute to foot movement. There are two little muscles that assist in knee movement. Fibula is Latin for a clasp or a pin used for fastening garments.
Malleolus is the diminuitive of malleus, Latin for hammer. It also unlocks the knee joint when the leg is fully extended and beginning to bend and furthermore Popliteus M.
This muscle arises as a tendon from the lateral condyle and the capsule of the knee joint of the femur. It descends across the joint medially and broadens as a short, flat, triangular muscle to insert on the medial side of the tibia just below the medial condyle and above the soleal line. It arises as a small tendon from Plantaris M. It then becomes a small round tendon which passes obliquely between the soleus and gastrocnemius muscles to go alongside of and merge with the tendo cancaneus—or the achilles tendon.
It seems to have a more important role in the anatomy of these ani- mals. Because human specimens were hard to obtain in ancient times anatomical studies were often done on animals. In fact you can feel it tense up along the outer front side of your lower leg as you lift your foot and toes. It works in conjunction with the extensor digitorum brevis, which I will discuss in the section on the foot, as well as with the peroneus tertius and the flexor hallucis longus Extensor muscles.
This muscle has a very complicated area of origin Digitorum Longus M. At its most superior aspect, fibers arise from the lateral condyle of the tibia and cross over to the fibula, where they run down the medial side of the bone for almost three quarters of its length. These fibers then feed into a tendon, like the feathers Fibula on one side of a quill. As in the wrist, there are two retinac- Tertius M.
Peroneus uli, which serve to hold in place the various tendons that travel from the leg to the foot. All of the tendons which run from the muscles of the lower leg to insert on the foot are encased in synovial sheaths at the level of the ankle.
I have not shown them because they would obscure the connection of the muscles with their insertions. From here the four tendons course over the dorsal or, more accurately, the fibula resembled the clasp. Tertius is aspect of the foot, covering the second, third, fourth and Latin for third. There are two other Peroneus muscles, a fifth metatarsal bones and end in insertions on the top of longus and brevis, discussed below.
Its muscular end is a part of the extensor digitorum and it continues down the fibula on the medial surface to its most distal portion where it forms a tendon.
This tendon is bound by the superior extensor reti- naculum and shares with it the same synovial sheath. The tendon takes a slightly lateral course to insert on the dorsal top side of the base of the fifth metatarsal bone. When you bend your big toe up or lift your foot up without moving your leg you can feel this mus- cle tighten in the mid lower leg, right beside the shinbone.
Its fibers course obliquely downward to attach to a tendon which continues downward, going beneath the supe- rior extensor retinaculum, through the inferior extensor reti- naculum, and over the first metatarsal and the proximal pha- lanx to insert at the superior base of the distal phalanx. While it seems to have no role in standing, it does play a role in walking and running by helping to lift the toes off the ground. It plays a similar and opposite role to the peroneus tertius which, as mentioned above, turns the foot outward.
Tibialis Anteriore M. It arises on the tibia, just beneath the lateral condyle and from an area that runs about one half to two thirds the way down the shaft of the tibia on its lateral aspect.
Its fibers course downwards to form a round tendon which passes under the two extensor retinaculi. The tendon then passes over the tarsal bones to the inner side of the foot where it splits. One slip tendinous fascia passes around and under the first cuniform bone to insert on its base. The other curls around and under the first metatarsal to insert on the lower base of that bone.
It helps to steady you when you stand. I will discuss its other actions when I address the longus muscle, coming up next.
It then descends to merge into a tendon Longus M. Insertion of the which passes just behind the lateral of the fibula malleolus Peroneus Longus M.
It is also a natural arch supporter. Both muscles are active when you tip toe and lift your foot, and work with the fibula tertius when you walk. The more superficial of the two muscles, the longus, arises along the upper two thirds of the lateral shaft starting at the head of the fibula.
Both the longus and the brevis tendons share a synovial sheath that curves around the lateral malleolus of the fibula the outside ankle bone and they both course forward, that of the brevis attaching to the fifth metarsal and the longus tendon passing under the foot just behind that metatarsal bone. The longus tendon then crosses all the other metatarsals to split and insert on the inferior bases of the first metatarsal and the first cuniform bone.
It also may participate somewhat in sup- porting the arch as well as in maintaining your balance when you walk and stand, keeping you from swaying. Since its ori- gin and insertion are both complex the illustration should be particularly helpful here.
It arises along the upper two thirds Tibialis Posteriore M. The muscle fibers feed into a tendon from either side. The tendon then courses around the medial malleolus the inner ankle bone and along side, then beneath the calcaneus heel bone and tarsals to divide into many slips. The upper tendi- nus division inserts on the tuberosity of the navicular bone, while slips of the lower tendon insert on the intermediate cuniform bone and the inferior bases of the first, second, third and fourth metatarsal bones.
I shall discuss the action of this muscle with that of the next one, the flexor digitorum longus, because they work almost entirely together.
The flex- or hallucis longus muscle arises along the shaft of the fibula, beginning a little below the head of the fibula, and its fibers, Flexor Hallucis like those of the tibialis posteriore, feed into a tendon.
This Longus M. On the plantar base of the first metatarsal are two sesmoid bones, one on either side. The tendon passes between them to insert at the plantar base of the first distal phalanx.
When you lift your foot, the two muscles can curl the toes, and when you stand they keep the bottom of your foot in firm contact with the ground by spreading the area of the foot that Flexor touches the ground. The tendon then descends and passes behind the medial malleolus in the same groove as the tibialis posteriore. Each tendon has its own synovial sheath passing under the flexor reticulum at which point the tendon curves forward to course beneath the sole of the foot crossing the tendon of the flexor hallucis longus in its oblique and for- ward path.
It then separates into four tendons each of which goes to insert at the bases of the distal phalanxes of the sec- ond, third, fourth, and fifth toes. It sometimes has a small adjoining tendon with the big toe. The flexor digitorum bre- vis, which I shall discuss in Illustration , has tendons which course over those of the longus and end at the plantar bases of the proximal phalanges.
These split and insert onto the bases of the middle phalanges, creating a little passage- way for the longus tendons. Both muscles merge into the the tendo calcaneus, known as the Achilles tendon. Leg and Foot Illustration Soleus M. The soleus acts to hold your leg firmly on your foot when you are standing.
It arises from the posterior head of the fibula and down about a quarter of its shaft. Further on it arises from a fibrous band between the two bones and then along the soleal line on the tibia. Its fibers feed into a large tendon feeding in from above and both sides of the tendon. The ten- don joins with the Achilles tendon or tendo calcaneous, the tendon for the gastrocnemius muscle lying superficial to the soleus muscle.
The tendons join and insert on the calcaneous bone, the heel bone. It also a knee flexor, helping to bend the knee, and provide propuslion when you walk, run, and Gastrocnemius M. It has two parts. The medial head arises as a tendon on the medial condyle of the femur, and the lateral head aris- es on the lateral condyle of the femur. The muscle forms two bellies that lie side by side and end mid-calf in an aponeuro- sis which gradually merges to become the Achilles tendon at the place where it merges with the tendon of the soleus.
Called the tarsal bones, the bones in this group are the equivalent of the Phalanges carpal bones of the wrist. They are the bones which make the transition from the leg to the foot. The next five bones make up the body of the foot and are called the metatarsal bones. They are the equivalents of the metacarpals of the the Cuniforms Metatarsals hand.
The first metatarsal lines up with the big toe, the fifth 1 with the little toe. The big toe, like the thumb just has only a proximal and distal phalanx as the Navicular other toes have a proximal, medial, and distal phalanges. Cuboid comes from the Greek kyboiedes, meaning cube shaped. The back of the foot would be the heel; the front, the toes.
There are four of them, and they all arise along adjacent shafts of the metatarsals, with the fibers running in and for- ward to meet in a line and merge near the end of the Dorsal metatarsal bone to form a tendon. The tendon that comes Interossei from between the first and second metatarsals, inserts at the Muscles medial base of the second proximal phalanx.
The tendon that comes from between the second and third metatarsals, inserts on the lateral base of the second phalanx. The one that comes from between the third and fourth metatarsals inserts on the lateral base of the third proximal phalanx and the one from between the fourth and fifth metatarsals inserts at the lateral base of the fourth proximal phalanx.
It arises from the anterior and dorsal surface of the Flexor Digitorum M. These tendons are roughly the same length as the metatarsals which they cross in order to insert into the bases of the proximal phalanges of the big toe and those of the the next three toes, after joining with the tendons of the extensor digitorum longus muscle.
Extensor Digitorum Brevis M. They are also toe spreaders. When the phases of walking are analyzed, there is a propulsion Plantar phase where the toes bend down to push the foot off the Interossei M.
The plantar interossei muscles are part of that action. They arise along the length of the shaft of each metatarsal bone and insert along the sides of the proximal phalanges of the same toe.
It runs for- ward to insert some fibers around the sesmoid bones at the distal end of the first metatarsal and continues over the joint to insert on each side of the base of the proximal pha- Flexor Hallucis lanx.
It arises on the lateral, plantar surfaces of the cuboid and the fifth metatarsal bone. Its fibers course for- ward under the fifth metatarsal bone and insert as a tendon on the lateral side of the proximal phalanx.
It plays an important role in walking Transverse Heads by aligning the big toe. Without the big toe, walking becomes very difficult. Along with the tibialis posterior, the peroneus longus and the flexor hallucis longus muscles it forms your natural arch support.
It works better in some people than others given how many people have flat feet. Oblique Head It has two parts. The first, called the oblique head, arises from the plantar bases of the second, third, and fourth metatarsal bones and from the sheath covering the tendon of the peroneus longus muscle where it crosses the bottom of the foot. This part of the muscle has medial and lateral parts, but the separation is subtle, not obvious like the flexor hallucis brevis just discussed above.
It courses toward the big toe. There its tendon joins the tendon of the other part of this muscle, the transverse head. The transverse head is in three parts, arising from the liga- ments that bind the joints between the metatarsals and proximal phalanges of the third, fourth and fifth toes. The fibers of the tendinous part of the oblique head blend with those of the tendon of the flexor hallucis brevis in their attachaments to the lateral sesimoid bone located at the distal end of the first metatarsal bone.
These are flexor muscles, which, by pushing the toes off the ground, work with the interossi Lumbrical muscles in the propulsion phase of walking. Arising from the Muscles tendons of the flexor digitorum longus muscle, they fill up the spaces between the second, third, and fourth tendons. From the branching of each tendon they reach to the end of the various metacarpals, at which point the muscle fibers become tendons that cross the medial side of the joints between the second, third, fourth, and fifth metacarpals and their proximal phalanges to insert along the sides of those proximal metacarpals.
The most medial lumbrical is an exception; there is no tendon medial to it so it arises only on the medial side of the first tendon. The other muscle fibers Quadratus Plantae M. The quadratus muscle corrects this slant, so that the tendons of the flexor digitourm are lined up over each of the toes.
The quadratus plantae muscle aris- es as two heads on either side of the calcaneous bone, both of which join and course forward to insert either on the ten- don of the flexor digitorum longus or on a layer of fascia which lies just beneath it and sometimes on both. There is a lot of variation in the insertion patterns of this muscle, but all have to do with the main tendon or the separated ten- dons of the flexor digitorum longus.
It arises from the medial side of the calcaneous bone, with a most of its origin coming from the flexor retinaculum. Some fibers come from the plantar aponeurosis as well. Lying alongside the tarsal bones the muscle merges into a tendon which runs along the medial side of the first metatarsal and to insert at the base of the proximal phalanx alongside the tendon of the flexor hal- lucis brevis.
Abductor Ditigit Minimi M.
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